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| nickname = | image = Albany New York Compilation.jpg | image_caption = Clockwise from top: Albany skyline from Rensselaer; middle-class housing in the Helderberg neighborhood; Palace Theatre; Empire State Plaza from the Cultural Education Center; North Pearl Street at Columbia Street; and the State Quad at SUNY Albany. | image_alt = A medley of different scenes to represent the diversity of the city. At top is a photo of the city's skyline, juxtaposing modern towers from the 1960s with older buildings dating back to the 19th century. Above center, right shows cookie-cutter, single-family houses, all two-stories with porches. Below center, right shows the marquee of a buff- and red-brick theater; marquee reads "PALACE". Bottom is a panoramic view of an open courtyard split by reflecting pools and surrounded by four modern, glass and concrete towers on left and one taller tower on right; in center is a Romanesque, granite, five-story capitol building. Below center, left shows a city street populated with old brick buildings. Above center, left shows a modern, glass and concrete tower surrounded by a shorter building of the same style. | flag = Flag of Albany, New York.svg | flag_type = Flag | flag_alt = A flag with three equal horizontal stripes colored orange, white, and blue from top to bottom. In the center is the city seal (except for text and circular outline). | symbol = Seal of Albany, New York.svg | symbol_type = Official seal | symbol_alt = Circular seal with central images of a shield at center and sailing ship above it, with a European man to the left and a Native American to the right. The seal's edge reads "THE SEAL OF THE CITY OF ALBANY" with "ASSIDUITY" in a banner above the bottom. | country = | state = | region = Capital District | region_type = | district = Albany | district_type = County | municipality = | part = | landmark = Empire State Plaza | river = Hudson River | location = | elevation_imperial = | prominence_imperial = | lat_d = 42 | lat_m = 39 | lat_s = 09 | lat_NS = N | long_d = 073 | long_m = 45 | long_s = 26 | long_EW = W | highest = USGS benchmark near reservoir off Birch Hill Road | highest_location = | highest_region = | highest_state = | highest_elevation_imperial = 378 | highest_lat_d = 42 | highest_lat_m = 40 | highest_lat_s = 51 | highest_lat_NS = N | highest_long_d = 073 | highest_long_m = 45 | highest_long_s = 17 | highest_long_EW = W | lowest = Sea level (at the Hudson River) | lowest_location = | lowest_region = | lowest_state = | lowest_elevation_imperial = 0 | lowest_lat_d = | lowest_lat_m = | lowest_lat_s = | lowest_lat_NS = | lowest_long_d = | lowest_long_m = | lowest_long_s = | lowest_long_EW = | length_imperial = | length_orientation = | area_imperial = 21.8 | area_land_imperial = 21.4 | area_water_imperial = 0.4 | area_urban_imperial = | area_metro_imperial = 6570 | population = 100,104 | population_date = 2015 | population_urban = | population_metro = 1,170,483 | population_density_imperial = 4491.0 | population_density_urban_imperial = | population_density_metro_imperial = auto | established = 1614 | established_type = Settled | date = | date_type = Incorporation as city | government = Albany City Hall | government_location = 24 Eagle Street | government_elevation_imperial = | government_lat_d = 42 | government_lat_m = 39| government_lat_s = 6| government_lat_NS = N | government_long_d = 73| government_long_m = 45| government_long_s = 16| government_long_EW = W | mayor = Kathy Sheehan (D) | timezone = Eastern (EST)| utc_offset = -5 | timezone_DST = EDT| utc_offset_DST = -4 | postal_code = 12201-12, 12214, 12220, 12222-32 | postal_code_type = ZIP Code | area_code = 518 | free_type = FIPS code | free = | free1_type = GNIS feature ID | free1 = , | free2_type = Demonym | free2 = Albanian | free2_note = 〔 | map = Albany, New York Map.png | map_alt = Map shows the city of Albany on the west bank of the Hudson, surrounded by the towns of Colonie, Guilderland, and Bethlehem. Roads are also shown. Interstates 90, 87, and 787 pass through the city boundaries. | map_caption = Boundaries of and major thoroughfares through Albany | map1 = Albany County New York incorporated and unincorporated areas Albany highlighted.svg | map1_size = 300px | map1_caption = Location in Albany County and the state of New York. | map1_alt = Located on the east border of the county, north of center. County is located in east section of the state, just south of center. | commons = Albany, New York | statistics = | website = (www.albanyny.gov ) | footnotes = }} Albany ( ) is the capital of the U.S. state of New York and the seat of Albany County. Roughly north of the City of New York, Albany developed on the west bank of the Hudson River, about south of its confluence with the Mohawk River. The population of the City of Albany was 97,856 according to the 2010 census. Albany constitutes the economic and cultural core of the Capital District of New York State, which comprises the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area, including the nearby cities and suburbs of Troy, Schenectady, and Saratoga Springs. With a Census-estimated population of 1,170,483 in 2013,〔http://esd.ny.gov/regionaloverviews/capital/InsideRegion.html〕 the Capital District is the third most populous metropolitan region in the state and 38th in the United States. Fortune 500 companies that have headquarters in Albany include American Express, CommerceHub, JPMorgan Chase & Co., Merrill Lynch, General Electric, Verizon, Goldman Sachs, International Paper, Key Bank, f.y.e. stores, and the Environment One Corporation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 accessdate = 30 April 2009 )〕 In the 21st century, the Capital District has emerged as a major anchor of Tech Valley, the moniker describing the technologically-focused region of eastern New York State This was the first European settlement in the state, settled by Dutch colonists who built Fort Nassau for fur trading in 1614 and Fort Orange in 1624. They formed successful relations with both the Mahican and the Mohawk peoples, two major Native American nations in the region. The fur trade attracted settlers who founded a village called Beverwijck near Fort Orange. In 1664 the English took over the Dutch settlements, renaming the city as Albany, in honor of the then Duke of Albany, the future James II of England and James VII of Scotland. The city was officially chartered in 1686 under English rule. It became the capital of New York State in 1797, following the United States gaining independence in the American Revolutionary War. Albany is one of the oldest surviving settlements of the original British thirteen colonies, and the longest continuously chartered city in the United States. Its charter is possibly the longest-running instrument of municipal government in the Western Hemisphere.〔 During the late 18th century and throughout most of the 19th, Albany was a center of trade and transportation. It is located on the north end of the navigable Hudson River, was the original eastern terminus of the Erie Canal connecting to the Great Lakes, and was home to some of the earliest railroad systems in the world. Albany's main exports at the time were beer, lumber, published works, and ironworks. Beginning in 1810, Albany was one of the ten most populous cities in the United States, a distinction that it held until the 1860 census. Albany is one of the first cities in the world to have installed public water mains, sewer lines, natural gas lines and electricity, infrastructure and utilities that attracted and supported substantial new industry to the city and surrounding area during the 19th century. In the 20th century, the city opened one of the first commercial airports in the world, the precursor of today's Albany International Airport. During the 1920s a powerful political machine controlled by the Democratic Party arose in the state capital, connected to politics in New York City as well. It marshalled the power of immigrants and their descendants in both cities. The city's skyline changed in the 1940s and '50s with the construction of office towers around the Empire State Plaza and at the uptown campus of SUNY Albany, mainly under the direction of Governor Nelson Rockefeller. While Albany experienced a decline in its population due to urban sprawl and suburbanization, many of its historic neighborhoods were saved from destruction through the policies of Mayor Erastus Corning 2nd, the longest-serving mayor of any city in the United States. In the early 21st century, Albany has experienced growth in the high-technology industry, with great strides in the nanotechnology sector. Albany has been a center of higher education for over a century, with much of the remainder of its economy dependent on state government and health care services. The city has rebounded from the urban decline of the 1970s and 1980s, with noticeable development taking place in the city's downtown and midtown neighborhoods. Albany is known for its rich history, commerce, culture, architecture, and institutions of higher education. Albany won the All-America City Award in both 1991 and 2009. ==History== (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Albany, New York」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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